5. Geomorphometry
5.A Terrain modeling
Outline:- 3D mapping technologies: topography and bathymetry
- digital elevation data representation
- regular grid DEM and TIN-based elevation models
- point cloud properties and analyis
Lecture
Lecture slides: Elevation surface modeling,
Supplemental materials:
- Links to elevation data repositories
- Point cloud viewers potree, plas.io
- Guth, P.L., et al. 2021 - Digital Elevation Models: Terminology and Definitions. Remote Sensing, 13(18):3581. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183581
- Starek MJ, et al., 2011, Modeling and analysis of landscape evolution using airborne, terrestrial, and laboratory laser scanning, Geosphere, 7(6), p. 1340-1356, doi:10.1130/GES00699.1.
- Petrasova, A., Mitasova, H., Petras, V., Jeziorska, J., 2017, Fusion of high-resolution DEMs for water flow modeling, Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards 2(6), DOI: 10.1186/s40965-017-0019-2
- Processing lidar and UAV point clouds in GRASS GIS workshop 2017
- Freeman, Ch., et al. 2004, Rapid response 3D survey techniques for seamless topo/bathy modeling: 2003 Hatteras Breach, North Carolina, Shore and Beach, 72(2), p. 25-30.
- Original lecture: Slides in the video, Slides with 2014 updates, videos: Terrain Mapping,Terrain Modeling, Point cloud binning.
Assignment A:
- Approach: GRASS solution, ArcGIS Pro solution.
- The assignments use standard GIS tools to analyze the point clouds. Updates and links to specialized lidar data processing tools are provided in GRASS and ArcGIS solution webpages.
- Comments/answers to HW questions
5.B Spatial and temporal terrain analysis
Outline:- summary parameters: volumes, surface areas
- first and second order point parameters: general approach
- methods for slope, aspect and curvatures using polynomial and spline approximation
- combining parameters to map landforms and terrain features
- computing parameters from noisy data, accuracy and uncertainty, scale and level of detail
- raster time series analysis, quantification of coastal change
Lecture
Lecture slides: Basic topographic analysis
Supplemental materials:
- Basic Landscape Analysis, chapter from Petrasova et al., 2018, Tangible Modeling with Open Source GIS. Second edition. Springer. Available through NCSU library or through Springer
- Jasiewicz, J., Stepinski, T., 2013, Geomorphons - a pattern recognition approach to classification and mapping of landforms, Geomorphology, vol. 182, 147-156 (DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.11.005)
- Petras V., Newcomb D.J., Mitasova, H., 2017, Generalized 3D fragmentation index derived from lidar point clouds, Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards 2(9), DOI: 10.1186/s40965-017-0021-8
- Montgomery K., et al. 2020. Measures of Canopy Structure from Low-Cost UAS for Monitoring Crop Nutrient Status. In: Drones 4(3).
- GIS-based Analysis of Coastal Lidar Time-Series, Springer Brief booklet by Hardin et al., available through NCSU library or through Springer.
- Starek, M.J., et al. 2013, Space-Time Cube Representation of Stream Bank Evolution Mapped by Terrestrial Laser Scanning, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 10(6), p. 1369-1373, PP(99), DOI 10.1109/LGRS.2013.2241730, pdf
- Original lecture: Slides, videos: Gradient parameters, Curvature parameters, Elevation time series.