3. Surface water simulation
3.A Surface water: geometry driven simulations of flow and flooding
Outline:- geometry driven modeling of surface water flow
- surface gradient, flowtracing over complex surfaces, flowaccumulation
- geometry driven modeling of flooding: overflow from rivers and ocean storm surge
- implementation of flooding simulations and dynamic visualization
- applications and limitations
Lecture
Slides: Supplemental materials:- Flowrouting:
- Metz, M., Mitasova, H., Harmon, R.S. (2011) Efficient extraction of drainage networks from massive, radar-based elevation models with least cost path search, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, pp. 667-678.
- Magalh˜aes, S. V. G., Andrade, M. V. A., Randolph Franklin, W., Pena, G. C., 2012. A new method for computing the drainage network based on raising the level of an ocean surrounding the terrain. In: Gensel, J., Josselin, D., Vandenbroucke, D., Cartwright, W., Gartner, G., Meng, L., Peterson, M. P. (Eds.), Bridging the Geographic Information Sciences. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 391–407. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29063-3_21
- Barnes, Lehman, Mulla. “Priority-Flood: An Optimal Depression-Filling and Watershed-Labeling Algorithm for Digital Elevation Models”. Computers and Geosciences. Vol 62, Jan 2014, pp 117–127. doi: “10.1016/j.cageo.2013.04.024”.
- Flooding:
- Nobre et al. 2011Height Above the Nearest Drainage – a hydrologically relevant new terrain model
- J Jasiewicz, M Metz, 2011: A new GRASS GIS toolkit for Hortonian analysis of drainage networks, Computers & Geosciences.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2011.03.003
- FIMAN
- Chapter 13: Coastal Modeling in Petrasova A, Harmon B, Petras V, Tabrizian P, Mitasova H., 2018, Tangible Modeling with Open Source GIS. Second edition. Springer International Publishing. Available free as e-book through NCSU library.
- Flood management with Visdon software publications and videos
Assignment part 3.A
Use Python and Jupyter Notebooks to compare different algorithms for flowaccumulation, discuss the impact of algorithm versus impact of noise on flowrouting. Develop inundation simulation and visualize it in MAPBOX. Carefully read manual pages for commands used in the inundation simulation and explain in your report what is going on. As part of this assignment, you will be working with github and learn how to create on-line tool for visualization of your simulation output.- Jupyter Notebook for comparing flow routing methods, simulate inundation from streams (WaterSim-FlowAcc-and-HAND.ipynb)
- How to Host Your Animated GRASS simulations with MapBoxGL JS and GitHub
- Alternative non-Jupyter version of assignment
3.B Surface water: process based simulation
Outline:- surface water flow modeling components
- shallow water flow equations
- numerical methods for solving shallow water flow equations
- applications: surface runoff, dam breach
- visualization of surface water flow dynamics
Lecture
Slides Supplemental materials:- Brooking C, Hunter, J Providing online access to hydrological model simulations through interactive geospatial animations Environmental Modelling and Software 42, May 2013, p163-168, and HydroShare website
- Chapter 7: Surface Water Flow Modeling in Petrasova A, Harmon B, Petras V, Tabrizian P, Mitasova H., 2018, Tangible Modeling with Open Source GIS. Second edition. Springer International Publishing. and a presentation associated with dam breach simulation (section 7.3.2 and A.1.9)
- Mitasova, H., Thaxton, C., Hofierka, J., McLaughlin, R., Moore, A., Mitas L., 2005, Path sampling method for modeling overland water flow, sediment transport and short term terrain evolution in Open Source GIS. In: C.T. Miller, M.W. Farthing, V.G. Gray, G.F. Pinder eds., Proc. CMWR XV, 13-17 June 2004, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Elsevier, pp. 1479-1490.
- Itzï (version 17.1): an open-source, distributed GIS model for dynamic flood simulation
- DELFT3D - open source and OpenEarth
- ADCIRC
- Shallow water equations in wikipedia
Assignment part 3.B
Compare distribution of surface water flow at high resolution for uniform and spatially variable land cover and topographic conditions.- Jupyter Notebook for surface water flow modeling using path sampling method (WaterSim-SIMWE.ipynb)
- Alternative non-Jupyter version of assignment
- Surface water flow modeling for urban environments: Itzi
- Write your own overland flow simulation tool in python:
- Example code,
run from nc_spm_08 location and set region
g.region -p rast=elev_lid792_1m, compute dx and dy using r.slope.aspect, and then useg.region zoom=dxto leave out NULL cells at the edge from computation.
- Example code,
run from nc_spm_08 location and set region
Optional
3.C Geostatistical simulations and uncertainty propagation
Outline:- motivation for geostatistical simulations
- geostatistical conditional simulations
- Gaussian Sequential Simulation
- simulations for error propagation
- coupling GRASS and R for geostatistics
Lecture
Slides Supplemental materials:- Jimenez: A (Non) Conditional Gaussian Simulation Example Using Python
- Geostatistical_conditional_simulation in petroleum industry
- Geostatistics session 5 conditional simulation video by Jef Caers, Stanford
- Conditional simulation in Geospatial Analysis book
- Geostatistical simulation in ArcGIS
- UCAR
- C. Lantuejoul, 2013, Geostatistical simulation: models and algorithms, Springer
- Handbook of Mathematical Geosciences Springer Open, 2018
Assignment 3.C
Derive a probability map of stream networks using geostatistical simulation and error propagation techniques, following the methodology described in the Chapter 10, Hengl, T.: A practical guide to geostatistical mapping (theory is in the chapter 2.4, see also binary entropy function for Bernoulli process):- Jupyter Notebook with workflow in GRASS and R (WaterSim-Geostatistical-Simulations.ipynb)
- Alternative non-Jupyter version of assignment